SEN in early years
Although similar for those at compulsory school age, the definition of SEN differs slightly for early years, in that there is an anticipatory duty to look at what provision is needed now and what might be needed once they reach compulsory school age and start school.
Early years covers children 0-5 who haven’t yet reached compulsory school age (which starts the term following a child’s 5th birthday). Some children will need support for SEN at home or in informal settings before, or as well as, the support they receive from an early years provider (for example, preschool or nursery).
The SEND Code of Practice says "all children and young people are entitled to an education that enables them to make progress so that they:
- achieve their best
- become confident individuals living fulfilling lives, and make a successful transition into adulthood, whether into employment, further or higher education or training"
How SEN is identified in under 5’s
Identified at birth - children with more complex developmental and sensory needs may have already been identified at birth.
As a newborn - some health assessments, such as the hearing screening test, which is used to check the hearing of all newborn babies, enable very early identification of a range of medical and physical difficulties.
As a young child - health services, including paediatricians, the family’s general practitioner (GP), and health visitors, may be involved with your child’s care. A childminder or early year’s setting may also identify that your child has or may have SEN. They are all expected to work with the family, supporting you to understand your child’s needs and help you to access early support.
As a parent, your early observations of your child are crucial. Your concerns could be about your child’s:
- play and learning
- speech and language
- social development and behaviour
- physical development
- vision or hearing
If you have concerns about your child’s early development, contact either:
- your health visitor
- a key person at your child’s nursery or pre-school or the designated SENDCo (Special Educational Needs Co-ordinator)
- your GP (family doctor)
- someone from your local children’s centre
- your social worker (if you have one)
- anyone else who gives you advice or support
